Description
This is a project focusing on understanding avian communities in betel nut plantation and secondary forest in Taiwan. We collected the data in the breeding season (March to May) in 2015 and 2016 in a total of 80 sites in five counties in central Taiwan. There are 5 sampling points in each site and we collected avian community data in each point twice in each season.
Data Records
The data in this sampling event resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 1,200 records.
3 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.
This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
Versions
The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.
How to cite
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Tsai J, Chang C, Huang P, Ko J C, Hsu F (2024). Avian communities of betel nut plantation and secondary forest in Taiwan. Version 1.2. Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute. Samplingevent dataset. https://ipt.taibif.tw/resource?r=betel_nut_diurnal_avian&v=1.2
Rights
Researchers should respect the following rights statement:
The publisher and rights holder of this work is Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.
GBIF Registration
This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 6ef6360c-c904-4eab-87fe-7bd234cb5c42. Taiwan Biodiversity Research Institute publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility.
Keywords
Aves communities; distance sampling; Betel nut ; Secondary forest; Samplingevent; Observation
Contacts
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-7333
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Geographic Coverage
The records in this dataset are located on the main island of central Taiwan, which is in the subtropical climate. The annual average temperature is 23℃ and the annual rainfall is 1774.3mm. Rainy season is from June to August that caused by southwest monsoon.
| Bounding Coordinates | South West [23.101, 120.355], North East [24.047, 120.914] |
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Taxonomic Coverage
This dataset focus on the avian communities in Taiwan. The detailed order and family are described below
| Kingdom | Animalia |
|---|---|
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes, Galliformes, Passeriformes, Pelecaniformes, Accipitriformes, Gruiformes, Columbiformes, Apodiformes, Strigiformes, Piciformes, Coraciiformes |
| Family | Pellorneidae, Estrildidae, Monarchidae, Vireonidae, Corvidae, Phylloscopidae, Columbidae, Muscicapidae, Motacillidae, Cuculidae, Aegithalidae, Scotocercidae, Pycnonotidae, Zosteropidae, Picidae, Leiothrichidae, Sturnidae, Pandionidae, Megalaimidae, Fringillidae, Alcedinidae, Passeridae, Accipitridae, Hirundinidae, Campephagidae, Strigidae, Phasianidae, Timaliidae, Turdidae, Apodidae, Rallidae, Dicaeidae, Laniidae, Paridae, Ardeidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Cisticolidae, Pittidae |
Temporal Coverage
| Start Date / End Date | 2015-03-01 / 2015-05-31 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2016-03-01 / 2016-05-31 |
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Sampling Methods
Following a standard point count procedure (Buckland et al. 2005), we spent 6 minutes at each point to record the number of different bird species we saw and heard and the distance of each bird determined by Laser range finder (Nikon laser 1000AS).
| Study Extent | We conducted five point count surveys in 40 betel nut and 40 secondary forest plots in March to May 2015 and 2016 in central Taiwan. |
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| Quality Control | To avoid human error, the investigation was conducted by four professional investigators. For distance measurement, a laser rangefinder was used to obtain actual measurements, standardizing the investigators’ reference points. The taxonomic system follows the Checklist of Birds of Taiwan maintained by the Bird Record Committee of the Chinese Wild Bird Federation (Ding et al. 2023). |
Method step description:
- 1. We identified homogenous patches of secondary forest and betel nut plantation below 1000 m above sea level using Google Earth software (Google Inc.) that are larger than 13.6 ha. 2. We then selected 40 secondary forest and 40 betel nut plantation plots that are at least 4 km apart from plot center. Within in each plot, we set up 5 sampling points along the established road system and each point was at least 200 m apart to avoid double counting. 3. Bird sampling was conducted within 4 hours after sunrise on clear day (without rain and strong wind). Each sampling point was surveyed twice in breeding season (March to May). 4. For each bird record, the bird species (the smallest taxonomic unit: species), number of individuals (number), horizontal distance to the observer (2015: 0-25m, 25-100m, >100m, flyover; 2016: taken every 10m as a band, flyover), and flock formation with more than five individuals were recorded. 5. For each sampling point record, investigation date (year, month, and day), starting time, observer, weather condition (clear, cloudy, overcast, fog, drizzle, or showers), and wind speed were recorded.
Bibliographic Citations
- Su, H.-J. 1984. Studies on the climate and vegetation types of the natural forests in Taiwan (I): analysis of the variation in climatic factors. Quarterly Journal of Chinese Forestry 17 (3):1–14.
- Bibby CJ, Burgess ND, Hill DA, Mustoe SH. 2000. Bird census techniques, 2nd edn. Academic, London.
- Ding, T-S, Juan C-S, Lin R-S, Tsai Y-J, Wu J-L, Wu J, Yang Y-H. 2023. The 2023 CWBF Checklist of the Birds of Taiwan. Chinese Wild Bird Federation, Taipei, Taiwan. https://www.bird.org.tw/sites/default/files/field/file/download/The%202023%20TWBF%20Checklist%20of%20the%20Birds%20of%20Taiwan%2020240624ed.pdf
- Buckland, S. T., D. R. Anderson, K. P. Burnham, and J. L. Laake. 2005. Distance sampling. Wiley Online Library.
Additional Metadata
| Alternative Identifiers | 6ef6360c-c904-4eab-87fe-7bd234cb5c42 |
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| https://ipt.taibif.tw/resource?r=betel_nut_diurnal_avian |