嘉義縣阿里山鄉中大型哺乳動物相對豐度與分布調查暨各部落傳統文化祭儀中野生動物之利用及當代狩獵範圍之探討 Abundance and distribution of medium- to large-sized mammals, usage of wildlife in traditional ceremonies and contemporary hunting territories of the aboriginal tribes in Alishan Township, Chiayi County

Registros de Dados

Os dados deste recurso de ocorrência foram publicados como um Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), que é o formato padronizado para compartilhamento de dados de biodiversidade como um conjunto de uma ou mais tabelas de dados. A tabela de dados do núcleo contém 137.232 registros.

This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.

Versões

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Como citar

Pesquisadores deveriam citar esta obra da seguinte maneira:

(2022): 嘉義縣阿里山鄉中大型哺乳動物相對豐度與分布調查暨各部落傳統文化祭儀中野生動物之利用及當代狩獵範圍之探討 Abundance and distribution of medium- to large-sized mammals, usage of wildlife in traditional ceremonies and contemporary hunting territories of the aboriginal tribes in Alishan Township, Chiayi County. v1.3. Taiwan Forestry Bureau. Dataset/Occurrence. https://ipt.taibif.tw/resource?r=r10405002&v=1.3

Direitos

Pesquisadores devem respeitar a seguinte declaração de direitos:

 

O editor e o detentor dos direitos deste trabalho é Forestry and Nature Conservation Agency (FANCA). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC-BY-NC 4.0) License.

GBIF Registration

Este recurso foi registrado no GBIF e atribuído ao seguinte GBIF UUID: effadc23-e856-45fa-b8aa-ada31950efcd.  Forestry and Nature Conservation Agency (FANCA) publica este recurso, e está registrado no GBIF como um publicador de dados aprovado por Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility.

Palavras-chave

Occurrence; Observation; 哺乳類，分佈，相對豐度，野生動物經營管理，民族生物學，行政院農業委員會林務局（Forestry Bureau; COA）; Occurrence

Contatos

Cobertura Geográfica

中華民國嘉義縣阿里山鄉

Cobertura Taxonômica

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Cobertura Temporal

Dados Sobre o Projeto

"本計畫2014-2105年於阿里山鄉進行中大型哺乳動物資源調查及當地部落狩獵文化的調查，共紀錄到中大型哺乳類6目11科20種，其中有11種屬於保育類，特有種則有4種。鄉內1500公尺以上闊葉林的動物種數最多，1500公尺以下人工林最少，且利用自動相機較沿線及穿越線調查發現的動物種數多。四種偶蹄目中，山羌的相對豐度最高，水鹿次之，野豬最低。除了野豬分布偏向中低海拔之外，其餘偶蹄目及台灣獼猴主要分佈在東側緊鄰玉山國家公園的中高海拔地區。建議未來執行長期動物監測時，應以自動相機調查法為主，可減少人力需求並獲得最完整的調查結果。 鄒族於三大祭儀(小米播種祭 miyapo、小米豐收祭 homeyaya和戰祭 mayasvi)皆會以酒水、山肉（水鹿、山羌、山羊、山豬等偶蹄目動物）宴請賓客。達邦社全年各傳統祭儀總和之山肉需求量為78隻，以及赤腹松鼠12隻；特富野社山肉全年126隻(不含家祭)，赤腹松鼠12隻；來吉村全年山肉需求量為30隻。研究中發現「原住民基於傳統文化及祭儀需要獵捕宰殺利用野生動物管理辦法」與實際的祭儀實施與所利用之野生動物有明顯落差，因此建議針對該部分進行討論與修正。 本計畫依適應性經營管理的原則，提出一份「嘉義縣阿里山鄉適應性狩獵管理流程建議書」，以維持動物相對豐度於合理變動範圍內為管理目標，並建議以本計畫調查所得之全年祭儀所需之動物數量為核准狩獵總量，試行數年後再檢討。為尊重原住民狩獵禁忌，本計畫亦建議原住民申請狩獵時應免註明物種與數量，改由管理單位於核准文件中註明。 This project surveyed medium- to large-sized mammals and hunting cultures of local tribes in Alishan Township in 2014 and 2015. A total of 20 species in 11 families and 6 orders of mammals were recorded. Among them, 11 species were protected species and 4 were endemic species. Abundance of mammals was highest in broad-leaved forests above 1500 m of elevation and was lowest in plantations below 1500 m of elevation. Camera trapping recorded more species than road-side and transect surveys. Muntjac deer was the most abundant among the four artiodactyla species, followed by the Formosan sambar deer, Formosan serow, and wild boar. Except the wild boar that distributed in medium to low elevations, other artiodactyla and Formosan macaque mainly distributed in medium to high elevations on the east side of the Township, close to the Yushan National Park. This project recommends camera trapping for the future long-term monitoring of mammals to acquire the most complete results with the lowest manpower. The three major ceremonies of the Tsou people (miyapo, homeyaya, mayyasvi) treat guests with wine and game meat (deer, muntjac, serow and wild boar). For the ceremonies in a whole year, the Dabang tribe require 78 individuals of game and 12 red-bellied squirrels, the Tefuye tribe require 126 individuals of game and 12 red-bellied squirrels, and Laiji require 30 individuals of game. The wildlife species used by indigenous people in ceremonies are different from the species listed in “The regulations for the hunting and use of wildlife by indigenous people in traditional ceremonies,” which requires further discussions and corrections. This project proposed a “The procedure of adaptive hunting management in Alishan Township, Chiayi County” that aims at maintaining the relative abundance of wildlife within a reasonable range. This project also suggests that the total amount of game required for the ceremonies in a whole year should be approved in the first few years before the procedure is reviewed. To respect the taboo in the hunting by indigenous people, this project also suggests that the exact species and number of game should be listed by the administrations in the approval documents instead by the indigenous people in the application forms."

O pessoal envolvido no projeto:

Métodos de Amostragem

每個樣區內有3台相機，共有24個樣區及72個相機位置，同時工作之相機約36台（12個樣區）。每台相機之間距離250– 1200公尺，但視局部地形、獸徑、水池、植被等狀況調整位置。相機監測時間從架設完成至該年度結束為止持續監測，每2 – 3個月更換記憶卡及電池。第一年度完成12個樣區的監測之後，第二年度再將相機移動至另外12個樣區進行監測，並避免同一類型環境集中在同一年度監測。

Descrição dos passos do método:

1. 樣區設立：為了使調查樣區可涵蓋不同的環境類型，本計畫依據林務局「臺灣現生天然植群圖」之森林群系(forest class)底下之亞群(sub-class)分類方式，將阿里山鄉內植群區分為闊葉林、針葉林、針闊葉混淆林及人工林，排除岩壁、裸露地、草生地、竹林、耕地、建地、水域等土地利用型態；並以海拔1500公尺為界，將阿里山鄉內之調查範圍區分兩個海拔範圍，其中1500公尺以下佔159.4平方公里，1500公尺以上佔164.4平方公里（不包含調查範圍外之保護留區與非林班地等）。植群與海拔兩項因子共可組合成1500公尺以下闊葉林、1500公尺以上闊葉林、1500公尺以下人工林、1500公尺以上人工林、針闊葉混淆林（僅1500公尺以上）及針葉林（僅1500公尺以上）六種類型，本計畫預計在每種類型中選取3個調查樣區，兩種海拔之闊葉林則因面積較大，將各選取六個樣區。每個樣區內將架設3台相機，共有24個樣區及72個相機位置。 / 相機架設：每個樣區內有3台相機，共有24個樣區及72個相機位置，同時工作之相機約36台（12個樣區）。每台相機之間距離250– 1200公尺，但視局部地形、獸徑、水池、植被等狀況調整位置。相機監測時間從架設完成至該年度結束為止持續監測，每2 – 3個月更換記憶卡及電池。第一年度完成12個樣區的監測之後，第二年度再將相機移動至另外12個樣區進行監測，並避免同一類型環境集中在同一年度監測。 / 自動相機拍攝照片ＯＩ值計算：各物種的出現相對密度，係以自動照相設備在每1,000個工作小時中所拍得的有效照片張數，即出現指數（Occurrence Index, OI值）（裴家騏，1998）來估計，此量性資料將可作為不同棲地，不同季節比較之依據，亦可提供日後與其他地區之研究結果比較之基準。在資料分析時，群居性動物（例如：臺灣獼猴）每張有效照片視為一群次，其他獨居性動物每張有效照片計為一隻次。若照片中的動物種類相同，照片拍攝的時間間隔超過30分鐘方視為二張有效照片，是為二筆獨立的資料，若同一動物長時間停留在相機拍攝範圍，例如休息等停止移動之活動模式，無論停留時間多長，僅計為一張有效照片。

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